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Cannonau

The Cannonau is the red grape that is associated immediately Sardinia.

occupies 30% of the planted area of \u200b\u200bthe island, for a total of about 7,500 hectares, concentrated more than 70% and from Nuoro Ogliastra.

Cannonau is included in the list of grape varieties drafted in the decree of March 6, 1995. The vine although genetically similar to Garnacha Grenache English and French appears in history two centuries before. In the past, for a number of quotes wrong, he claimed to Cannonau English origin, but recent research has unearthed documents, in Cagliari, a deed of 1549, where it is mentioned wine Cannonau, while the first mention such as red wine, Garnacha of , Is in a English dictionary of 1734. From this descriptive treats that Cannonau was exported from Sardinia to Spain and not vice versa.

The vine has medium leaf, orbicular, five-lobed, sometimes lobed, serrated margin and with regular, completely hairless, bright green, medium cluster, cylindrical-conical, sometimes close and winged (but may also arise spaced berries when errors in handling is subject to leaking ), berry medium-small, spherical, with black-purple skin, firm and very waxy, medium-late maturing.

E'dotato medium vigor, with branches internodes short, erect vegetation, characteristics that make it suitable for particular types of farming without structure as the traditional " tree." Highly adaptable, it prefers, however, the land of the hill.

The wine has characteristics which vary considerably depending on the type of farming or growing area, however, usually has a typical finesse, good structure and taste sensations that resemble flowers smell or red fruits, fresh, and with the maturity they turn to notes of jam and spice, with a typical almond aftertaste.

E 'in this Cannonau di Sardegna DOC and Mandrolisai and in many different IGT wines of Sardinia. In 'Red Altea is blended with other red grapes like Carignan and other smaller vineyards.

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The vine Carignan

The Carignano is one of the red grapes of Sardinia, which in recent years has been a great We value between producers and consumers.

E 'spread predominantly in Sulcis , region of south-west of Sardinia , in fact in this region reaches 70% of the varieties present. The cultivation area covers about 1700 acres, 7% of the total population of Sardinia, but despite the limited distribution, is certainly one of the Carignano vines of the most interesting and prestigious' Sardinian enology.
A hypothesis on the origin of this variety is that its introduction by the Phoenicians through the port of Solci , they founded the city, whose ruins are still visible on the island of St. Antiochus. This hypothesis is validated by the presence of this variety in the wine regions of Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, all affected by Phoenician settlements. But considering the presence of Vine and Wine in Sardinia at the end of the Bronze Age Middle (fifteenth century BC.) nothing excludes that the variety has been brought by Furry other Phoenician settlements.
Another theory traces the beginning of its cultivation in this area in the Aragonese period, in relation to the fact that this variety is known by the name of the dialect of Spain Axin.

It is present in Spain with the name and Carinena Mazuela in France and Carignane Noire, Mollard and Girard, Tuscany and Marche as Wood hard.

Under the morphology Carignano has pentagonal leaves, medium-large, five-lobed, with bright green upper side and lower side light green, the bunches are of medium size, pyramid-shaped, winged and compact, with berries also medium-sized, skin very thick, and intense blue color, a colorless or slightly pink juice.

is a vigorous vine, with abundant and constant production. Low resistance to cryptogams, especially powdery mildew, has, however, good resistance to wind and salty to the cold spring, so it is a vine that can grow well along the coasts.

It is used exclusively for wine making, production of DOC Carignano del Sulcis "and some other IGT wines of Sardinia. In 'Red Altea is blended with other red grapes native vines such as grapes and other Cannonau minors.

Vineyards

Many of the vineyards in Carignano, particularly in the area of \u200b\u200b Calasetta island of S. Antioco, at sea level, were implanted before the invasion of phylloxera (some more than three hundred years ago). Phylloxera ( Philoxera vastratix ), an aphid pest of the vine, who arrived in Europe from the late nineteenth century, has profoundly changed the European wine industry, leading to the use of screws bimembri, where the root system (rootstock ) is provided by species of American vines are resistant to phylloxera, and the aboveground portion (grafted variety) belongs to the Vitis vinifera. In the area of \u200b\u200b

Calasetta, however, viticulture has not suffered this kind of transformation, because sandy soils impede the movement of this insect, making it harmless, so the vines can still be used "free foot " (with their roots).